Reflector.



A. AMES, JR.

REFLECTOR.

APPLiCATiUN FILE!) SEPT. 30, 1915.

Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

ADELBERT AMES, Ja, or 'rnwxsn'onY, MAssAcHUSEms.

REFLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20. 1917.

Application filed September 30, 1916. Serial No. 122.969.

' To all wliom it may concern Be itknown that I, Annnunn'r AMns, Jri, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Tewksbury, in the county of Middlesex .and State of Massachusetts, have inifented new and useful Improvements in Reflectors, of which. the following is a specification.

This invention relates to reflecting appa-i ratus comprising a concave reflecting. memberand. means for'detachably securing. it to an incandescent lamp bulb or other. source of light. The apparatusmay'be employed alone as a show Window reflector, desk light reflector, etc., but it is particularly designed to be employed in combination with a. araboloidal or other type of light projector as afdeflector for deflecting light to the main reflecting surface in such manner that it will a be projecte Wholly on one side of a plane containing the axis of the projector.

Apparatus of the same general character asthe subject matter of this application is disclosed. in my copending application'Sr. No. 102,086, filed June 6, 191.6, of which this is a continuation inpart. In the former applicationv I have set forth at length the underlying principles and the theory of oporation of apparatus of this general character, which, in the form illustrated, is adapted to project a concentrated beam of light in and below a horizontal direction Without pro ducing upward glare; and reference may be had to the former application for the prin ciples and optical consideration pertaining to the apparatus.

One object of this invention is to means.for mounting the reflector on the fe'rrule oi the lamp in such manner that the Weight ofthe'reflector is carried by the ferrule and not by the lamp bulb, thereby eliminating the tendency to loosen the bulb from the ferrule due to the Weight of the reflector; which tendency has been commonlin apparatus" having the reflector supported by the bulb, especially where such apparatus on the ferrule in a limited space, yet mount;

' ing the reflector rigidly and securely, where'- by the lamp may be inserted into and secured ,ina socket as in the absence of the reflector...

and mounting means. A still further object it tojprovide a reflector comprising two provide known manner.

parts which may be separated to permit the insertion of the lamp. and to provide improved means fordetachably securing the two parts together. A'still further object of the invention is to provide neans for mount ing the reflector so that the chest orv both parts of the reflector cause the mounting means to gr1pthe jsupport, which in the preferred form is the for ril'l'e and to provide 'ela stiomeans to supplement the elastic actionof the reflector when desired;

In the accompanying drawings,-

Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of one embodiment of myiuvention;

Fig. 2 is a is ideelevation of the deflectorshown in Fig: 1; and e j Fig. 3 is a front elevation ofthe deflector. shown in Figs 1 and 2., i if ,L .f "In the illustrated embodimentoj y inention, 3? comprises a paraboloide lreflectorhaving a lamp socket 1 adjustably mounted in. the reflector'and adaptedlto receive the. ferrule 2 of the incandescent lamp bulb 'lVithin .the lamp bulb is the incandescent filament l which may, for example, be V shaped, having its apex in the focus of the reflector and having its legs symmetrically disposed with respect tog'the axis'of the, reflector. whereby the light radiatingdpwu 'wardly from the source strikesthe refiecto.

P in such manner as tube proiected'i'u. and

below a horizontal direction. The larnp bulb is secured in the lamp socket by means of bayonet catches 6 on the lamp. .ferrule it in. slots "1' in the lamp socket tin-a well The deflector D has a substantiallyspheriity one cal contour and is preferably positioned with its center-in the rear of the l-ightsource.

The deflector" D is preferably also of speri cal contour and has a shorterradius of curt ,ature' than the deflector D. The deflector D. has af'depending apron. 8 which is split at .9 and which has a circular opening 11 adaptedto fit over the ferrule 2 of the lamp, recesses 12 being provided to permit the passage of the pins 6 on the ferrule. The sides of the deflector D are flared outwardly as indicated in Fig. 3 at 13 the outward flare being. such that the lower edges ,oi-th flector D meet-the 'loweredgesfof th fiector D. The general structure th a i fiectorsD and D- and their positio, respect to. each other, the light'souroei f Milk ice

the reflector P, is similar to that described in my copending application above referred to, and reference may be had to that application for amore detailed description of the optical considerations involved:

The specific embodiment of the means for attaching the two deflectors together comprises flanges14' on; the interior of the deflector D cooperating with the lower edges 16 of the deflector D, together with shoulders 17 on apron v8 and ears 18attached to the forward lower edges of the sides of deflector D and projecting outwardly through recesses 19 in the .lower' edges of the opposite sides ofdeflector D. The internal flanges 14 are preferably formedby slightly curling the rear lower edges of the deflector D inwardly, as indicated in Fig. 3, in order to form bearing surfaces for the lower'edges 16 of the deflector D. Theshoulders 17 are preferably lateral extensionsfof the apron 8, 'these shoulders being preferably positioned at the rear of the flanges 14. 1

. The cars 18 are preferably formedv as anintegral part ofthe deflector D. and as a forward continuation of theforward lower edges of the deflector in the nature of narrow bands. These bands" are bent outwardly atangles of 90, respectively, .into the .Vertical plane of the forward-edge of the deflector-.D' and are then bent rearwardly at angles of 90, respectively, atdistances of about one-eighth of an inch from the deflector, thus forming radial: portions 21 and portions 22 which are substantially parallel with the axis of the lamp, the latter portions serving as operating surfaces for applying pressure to. the ears to detach the deflectors from each other. The upper edge 23 of each of the ears18 is adapted to bear against the top of the recesses 1 In attaching the deflectors to a lamp bulb the ferrule of the lamp bulb is inserted through the circular opening 11 in the apron '8 from the forward side, and owing to the elasticity of .the deflector D the apron is caused tightly to grip the ferrule andthereby maint ain' the deflector D in. adjusted .position. The outer deflectorD is then secured in position by inserting the'tip of the lamp bulb .into the spring 26 and recess 27, forcing' the deflector D 'backwardly against the action of the spring 26 and downwardly so elastic action of the deflectors, I may provide additional elastic means to urge the two portions of theapron 8 together and thereby to increase the grip of the apron upon the ferrule. This means may, for example, take the form of'a U-shaped spring 28 the upper ends of which are hooked in- -wardly over. flanges 29 struck-up from or brazed to the apron 8. The spring is so formed that it must be spreadaoutwardly against the force of its own elasticity to be hooked over the flanges, whereby it urges the two portions of the apron together when placed in position. The spring 28 is spaced outwardly from the opening 11 such a distance that the 'spring does'not interfere with the socket 1 when the lamp is mounted therein, and, owing to the markedly .short dimensionfn easured along the axis of the lamp, of themember for mounting the deparatus, inward pressure is simultaneously applied to the outer portions 22 of the ears 18 causing the lower portions of the deflec-' tor D to spring inwardly and disengage the flanges 16, thereby permitting the deflector D to be moved upwardly and forwardly away from the deflector D and lamp bulb 3.

flectors on the 'ferrule, the lamp can be It is to be noted that the words above,

below, upper, upward, lower, downward, etc, are used throughout the specification and claims merely for convenience in referring to relative locations and directions, and that my invention in not limited to appa,- ratus employed solely in the position herein I described. On the contrary, the invention is applicable wherever it is desired to reflect light in a certain direction.

I- claim: p

1. In reflecting apparatus for a lamp having a ferrule adapted to fit in a socket, the combination of a shade, and a divided sup- 2. In reflecting apparatus for slump hav mg a ierrule adapted to fit 1n a socket, the (:Olnblllfitlfll'l of a reflector, and means tor supporting the reflector on the ierruie between the lamp and the socket, the support.-

in means being constructed and arranged sous yieldingly to grip the ferrule on opposite s des. I

3. 1n reflecting apparatus for a lamp ha;v-

ing a ferrule adapted to lit in a socket, the comlfnnatlon 01'. a reflector, and a divided member for supporting the reflector on the ferrule between the lamp and the socket, the divided member being constructed. and

arranged to receive the ferrule between the two parts thereof and to grip the ferrule, between the two parts by virtue of its elas .tioity. i

4. In reflecting apparatus for a lamp, the

' combination of a reflector having elasticity,

and a divided supporting member connected to the reflector, the, reflector and supporting member being constructed. and arranged to receive theferrule between. the two parts of the supporting member and togrip the ferrule between the two parts by' virtue of the elasticity of the reflector.

5. In reflecting apparatus for a lamp hav- I ing a ferrule adapted to lit in socket. the I comlnlmtion of a concave shade, and a supportingmemher therefor, the supporting member being constructed. and arranged to i be mounted on. the ferruie of the lump between the lamp and the socket and. detachably to the shade.

6. In reflecting apparatus for a lamp having a ferrule adapted to fit in. a socket, the combination of a concave sha dc, and a supporting member therefor, the supporting uember being constructed and arranged to be mounted on the ferrule of the lamp be tween the lump l the socket and detachably to engage the of the shade, thereby to ')port the shade.

7. Reflecting apparatus for a lamp having a ferrule adopted to fit in a socket comprising a reflector, supporting member there-- for fitting between the lamp bulb and the socket, and yielding means causing the supporting member to grip the ferrule.

8. Reflecting apparatus for a lamp having a ferrule adapted to fit in a socket coulpris ing' a concave reflector, a thin supporting member therefor fitting between the lamp bulb and the socket, and spring mounted on the supporting member, the spring at least partially surrmmding the ferrule end causing the supporting member to grip the ferrule.

9. Reflecting apparatus comprising a con- "we reflector, a support pdepted detachably;

cave reflector, a support therefor adapted to engage the reflecting member on opposite .sides along its edges, and means to. maintain ber thereforadapted to engage the edges of opposite sides of the reflecting member, and

interlocking means on the niilembers for main- I- taming thereflectmg member 7 in position on the supporting men'iber. A

75 1 11. Reflecting apparatus comprlsmgecon- ,oave reflecting member, a supporting memher, the tWo members having interfitting portions, one of the members having one or more recesses and the othermemberhavin one or more shoulders fittinginto the r tosses, whereby the two members may bende tacl1ably secured together.

12. Reflecting apparatus comprising a con to engage the loweredges of oppositesid of the reflector, the reflector hav n'glrecesses on opposite sides thereof, and shoulders the support interfitting with the recesse maintain the reflector in position on the 5 port. v i

13. Reflecting apparatus comprising are? flector, flanges on opposite sides of the reflector, and a support arranged to. engage the upper side of the flanges. and to engage the lower side of other portions ofthe reflector. whereby the reflector may be maintained in position on the supp 14. Reflecting apparatus-com isingaconcave reflectonrflanges on opposite sides of the interior of the reflector, a supporter.- ranged to engage the upper side of the flanges, shoulders on the support for engag-. ing the lower side of the reflector on one side of the flanges, and ears on the support for engaging the lower side ofthe reflector on the other. side of the flanges.

15. Reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector, flanges on opposite sides of the interiorof the reflector, a. support arranged to engage the upper side of the flanges, shoulders on the support for engaging the lower-side of the reflector on one side of the flanges and ears on the support" for engaging the lower side of the reflector on. the other side of the iflanges, the ears projecting outwardly so that the support may,

ranged to engage the upper side of the flanges, shoulders on the support for engagthe lower side of the reflector rearwardly of the flanges, and ears on the support projecting through recesses. in'the lower edges of the reflector in-il'ont of the flanges, whereby the'reflector is accuratelymaintained in positiononthe support and whereby the re+ 13.0

engage the upper side 'having means to engage the lower side of for holding the re-,

flector may be disengaged from the supportportions of the reflector I flector in position;

18. Reflecting apparatus comprising a substantially spherical reflecting surface, a second substantially spherical reflecting surface at least in part within the first reflecting surface,.. the second reflecting surface having a smaller radius of curvature and being positioned at least in part rearwardly of the first reflecting surface, whereby the device may be positioned in the restricted space between a light source and the reflecting surface of a projector having a comparatively small focal length.

19. Reflecting apparatus comprising a substantially spherical reflecting surface, a

second substantially spherical reflecting surin partfwithin the first reflectthe second reflecting surface radius of curvature and face at least mg surface, having a smaller having its lower edges flared outwardly to meet the first reflecting surface,

means on' the first reflecting surface to'engage said edges, and means for maintaining said means in engagement with said edges.

20. Reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector, a smaller concave reflector at least in part within the first reflector, the lower portions of the smaller reflector eX- tending outwardly to meet the outer reflector, means on the outer reflector for engaging said portions,and means for maintaining said means in engagement with said portions.

21. Reflecting apparatus comprising a concave reflector. a smaller concave reflector at least in part within the first reflector, portions of the lower edges of the outer reflector being curved inwardly, the lower portions of the smaller reflector being flared outwardly to meet and to engage the upper sides of said incurved edges, and means for maintaining said portions in engagementwith said edges.

22; Reflecting apparatus comprising a half sphere concave reflector, a smaller-concave reflector at least in partwlthin the first reflector, portions of the lower edges of the outer reflector being curved inwardly, the lower portions of the smaller reflector being flared outwardly to meet and to engage the upper sides of the said incurved edges, and shoulwardly of at least a portion of said'edges,

and ears on the smaller reflector extending outwardly through recesses in" the outer reflector forwardly'of said edges, the elasticity of the reflectornormally maintaining them in engagement in such manner that pressure on said ears will effect a disengagement.

24. Light projection apparatus comprising a reflector consisting of substantially. a and substantially a quarter sphere contained within the half sphere,

said quarter sphere having a smaller radius of curvature than the half sphere and the edges of the quarter sphere being flared out to meet the edges of the half sphere, means to secure the two reflectors together at the edges, and means for attaching thereflectors to the lamp ferrule in such manner that the elasticity of the reflectors tends to hold the last mentioned means in position on the ferrule.

25. Light projection apparatus comprising a reflector consisting of substantially a half sphere and sphere contained within the half sphere, said quarter sphere having a smaller radius of curvature than the half sphere and the edges of the quarter sphere being flared out to meet the edges of the half sphere, and means to secure the two parts together at the said edges.

Signed byme at Boston, Massachusetts, this twenty-second day of September, 1916.

ADELBERT AMES, JR.

substantially a quarter' 

